{"id":1950,"date":"2026-06-04T10:25:30","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T14:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/case-studies\/"},"modified":"2026-06-25T12:55:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T16:55:24","slug":"estudios-de-caso","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/case-studies\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdndice de investigaci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Este \u00edndice organiza las publicaciones de investigaci\u00f3n por tema y tipo, lo que facilita la navegaci\u00f3n por la base de evidencia para <em>La Pr\u00f3xima Ola<\/em>. Usa la barra de b\u00fasqueda a continuaci\u00f3n para encontrar publicaciones por palabra clave, o navega por categor\u00eda usando los enlaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Buscar todas las publicaciones<\/h2>\n\n\n<form role=\"search\" method=\"get\" action=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/\" class=\"wp-block-search__button-outside wp-block-search__icon-button wp-block-search\" data-trp-original-action=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/\" ><label class=\"wp-block-search__label screen-reader-text\" for=\"wp-block-search__input-1\" >Buscar<\/label><div class=\"wp-block-search__inside-wrapper\" ><input class=\"wp-block-search__input\" id=\"wp-block-search__input-1\" placeholder=\"Buscar por palabra clave, pa\u00eds o tema...\" value=\"\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" required \/><button aria-label=\"Buscar\" class=\"wp-block-search__button has-icon wp-element-button\" type=\"submit\" ><svg class=\"search-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M13 5c-3.3 0-6 2.7-6 6 0 1.4.5 2.7 1.3 3.7l-3.8 3.8 1.1 1.1 3.8-3.8c1 .8 2.3 1.3 3.7 1.3 3.3 0 6-2.7 6-6S16.3 5 13 5zm0 10.5c-2.5 0-4.5-2-4.5-4.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5 4.5 2 4.5 4.5-2 4.5-4.5 4.5z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg><\/button><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"es\"\/><\/form>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Navegar por categor\u00eda<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcda Investigaciones de casos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estudios de caso hist\u00f3ricos y contempor\u00e1neos que ponen a prueba el marco del libro contra evidencia del mundo real. Cubre cinco siglos de revoluciones tecnol\u00f3gicas, casos de productos b\u00e1sicos y de industrializaci\u00f3n en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe (ALC), econom\u00edas insulares peque\u00f1as y comparadores internacionales desde Corea hasta Alemania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/es\/blog-de-investigacion\/?category=research-case-study\">Explorar estudios de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ensayos de marco<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Entradas conceptuales que introducen y aplican los tres lentes anal\u00edticos del libro: el Modelo de Ecosistema Humano, la econom\u00eda evolutiva (variaci\u00f3n, selecci\u00f3n, difusi\u00f3n) y la teor\u00eda de la transici\u00f3n liderada por el Estado. Empieza aqu\u00ed si eres nuevo en el marco del libro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/es\/blog-de-investigacion\/?category=framework-essay\">Explorar Ensayos de Marco \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udccb Documentos de pol\u00edtica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Publicaciones pr\u00e1cticas para responsables pol\u00edticos, que mapean las lecciones de estudios de caso a tipos de pa\u00edses espec\u00edficos, desde econom\u00edas grandes ricas en recursos hasta peque\u00f1os estados insulares. Cubre transiciones verdes, transformaci\u00f3n digital, pol\u00edtica industrial y fortalecimiento de la capacidad estatal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/es\/blog-de-investigacion\/?category=policy-brief\">Explorar res\u00famenes de pol\u00edticas \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Navegar por tema<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Entendiendo el Marco de Trabajo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estos marcos <a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/boletin-de-ensayos\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1045\">Ensayo<\/a> Los art\u00edculos introducen las herramientas anal\u00edticas principales del libro \u2014la econom\u00eda evolutiva, el Modelo del Ecosistema Humano y las cinco funciones del cambio\u2014 y explican los patrones de las revoluciones tecnol\u00f3gicas a lo largo de la historia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cinco Olas Tecnol\u00f3gicas Hist\u00f3ricas (Evidencia del Cap\u00edtulo 5)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Publicaciones sobre las cinco revoluciones globales: la Primera Revoluci\u00f3n Industrial (Gran Breta\u00f1a 1760-1830), la Era del Ferrocarril y el Vapor (1820-1880), Acero, Electricidad y Tel\u00e9fono (1870-1920), Autom\u00f3viles, Aviones y Producci\u00f3n en Masa (1920-1970), y la Revoluci\u00f3n Digital (1970-2020). Tambi\u00e9n incluye una publicaci\u00f3n resumen sobre 300 a\u00f1os de revoluciones y una publicaci\u00f3n con visi\u00f3n de futuro sobre 2020-2070.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Casos de \u00e9xito de LAC (evidencia del Cap\u00edtulo 6)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Publicaciones sobre casos en los que pa\u00edses de ALC construyeron nuevas capacidades o realizaron transiciones exitosas: la trayectoria de desarrollo distintiva de Costa Rica (1950-2010, incluida la historia de Intel), la transici\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica de Uruguay (2010-2024), el salto a las renovables de Chile, la transformaci\u00f3n hacia las renovables de Brasil, el salto tecnol\u00f3gico de M\u00e9xico en telefon\u00eda m\u00f3vil, y m\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Desaf\u00edos y oportunidades perdidas en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe (evidencia del Cap\u00edtulo 7)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Publicaciones sobre casos en los que las dotaciones de recursos no lograron la transformaci\u00f3n: guano en Per\u00fa y nitratos en Chile, el auge petrolero de Venezuela, casos petroleros en Ecuador y Trinidad, contraste entre caucho y caf\u00e9 en Brasil, M\u00e9xico bajo Porfirio D\u00edaz, el auge exportador de Argentina y sus l\u00edmites, y m\u00faltiples casos del Caribe y Centroam\u00e9rica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparadores internacionales<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estudios de caso de fuera de Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe que ilustran el marco del libro a trav\u00e9s de contraste y comparaci\u00f3n: el milagro industrial de Taiw\u00e1n y Corea, el crecimiento liderado por el ahorro y la industrializaci\u00f3n mediante impuestos a la tierra en Jap\u00f3n, el ascenso industrial y la recuperaci\u00f3n de posguerra en Alemania, los ciclos de industrializaci\u00f3n temprana en Gran Breta\u00f1a, el estado digital de Estonia, la transici\u00f3n a los veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos en Noruega, el cambio hacia las energ\u00edas renovables en Dinamarca y la r\u00e1pida escalada en China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Estrategia Estatal y Primeros Pasos (evidencia de los cap\u00edtulos 9-11)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Publicaciones sobre c\u00f3mo los estados pueden desarrollar capacidades y gestionar transiciones: las cinco funciones estatales para el cambio institucional, los sectores del cobre y el salm\u00f3n en Chile, el modelo del Cerrado en Brasil, las instituciones forestales, las estrategias de transici\u00f3n verde y estudios de caso de transformaci\u00f3n digital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Todas las publicaciones<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-query is-layout-flow wp-block-query-is-layout-flow\"><ul class=\"wp-block-post-template is-layout-flow wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow\"><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2236 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-natural-resource-booms tag-bolivia tag-commodity-boom tag-fiscal-rule tag-guyana tag-lithium tag-natural-gas tag-royalties tag-social-protection tag-state-capacity-2\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/bolivia-gas-boom\/\" target=\"_self\" >Bolivia, 2006 a 2019: el gas se pagaba para la protecci\u00f3n social.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/natural-resource-booms\/\" rel=\"tag\">Auches de recursos naturales<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">El auge del gas en Bolivia financi\u00f3 pensiones, transferencias en efectivo y el Estado, pero no dur\u00f3 mucho tiempo. Tres campos de gas suministraron m\u00e1s del 70% del gas en 2014, y nada los reemplaz\u00f3. Los pr\u00e9stamos del Banco Central construyeron plantas de litio que el Estado no pudo operar. La lecci\u00f3n para Guyana es sobre la capacidad, no el dinero.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/bolivia-gas-boom\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-09-28T18:45:41-04:00\">28 de septiembre de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2229 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-natural-resource-booms tag-chile tag-coal tag-colombia tag-commodity-boom tag-dutch-disease tag-fiscal-rule tag-manufacturing tag-oil tag-royalties\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/colombia-oil-boom\/\" target=\"_self\" >El boom de Colombia (2003-2014) fue gestionado, no dirigido<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/natural-resource-booms\/\" rel=\"tag\">Auches de recursos naturales<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Colombia aline\u00f3 sus instrumentos fiscales, monetarios y de seguridad en busca de estabilidad durante el auge petrolero de 2003-2014, y aun as\u00ed la econom\u00eda termin\u00f3 siendo m\u00e1s estrecha. La pobreza se redujo a la mitad; lo mismo ocurri\u00f3 con las exportaciones manufactureras. El segundo auge del cobre en Chile hizo lo mismo con las ganancias de su primer auge. Los instrumentos administraron la bonanza; los precios fijaron su direcci\u00f3n.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/colombia-oil-boom\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-09-16T10:29:13-04:00\">16 de septiembre de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2159 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-economic-transformation tag-coffee-dependence tag-colombia tag-decree-law-444 tag-export-diversification-2 tag-industrial-poliicy tag-land-reform-2 tag-manufacturing tag-national-front tag-regional-inequality-2 tag-state-capacity-2\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/colombia-export-diversification\/\" target=\"_self\" >De 1958 a 1974, Colombia se diversific\u00f3 y se alej\u00f3 del caf\u00e9, pero las ganancias tardaron en materializarse.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/economic-transformation\/\" rel=\"tag\">Transformaci\u00f3n Econ\u00f3mica<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">La diversificaci\u00f3n de las exportaciones cambi\u00f3 los mercados antes que el poder. Colombia rompi\u00f3 su dependencia sin una inclusi\u00f3n amplia. Colombia cambi\u00f3 su estructura econ\u00f3mica entre 1958 y 1974, pero no resolvi\u00f3 qui\u00e9n gan\u00f3 y qui\u00e9n perdi\u00f3. La manufactura se profundiz\u00f3, las exportaciones no cafeteras aumentaron y los mercados internos se conectaron mejor. El Decreto-Ley 444 de 1967 impuls\u00f3 el giro al cambiar la aritm\u00e9tica que enfrentaban los exportadores.\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/colombia-export-diversification\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-25T17:41:05-04:00\">25 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2067 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/colombia-coffee-boom\/\" target=\"_self\" >Colombia Creci\u00f3 de 1905 a 1929 Sin una Transformaci\u00f3n Profunda.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">El boom del caf\u00e9 ten\u00eda l\u00edmites estructurales. Las exportaciones de caf\u00e9 expusieron l\u00edmites m\u00e1s profundos. En diciembre de 1928, miles de trabajadores bananeros se congregaron en Ci\u00e9naga, en la costa caribe\u00f1a de Colombia. Exig\u00edan contratos por escrito, salarios en efectivo y protecciones legales b\u00e1sicas. En cuesti\u00f3n de semanas, las tropas abrieron fuego. Dicho enfrentamiento expuso una paradoja m\u00e1s profunda en el desarrollo de Colombia entre 1905 y 1929. El pa\u00eds\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/colombia-coffee-boom\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-17T13:19:39-04:00\">17 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2038 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-economic-transformation tag-agriculture tag-banana-boom tag-bananas tag-ecuador tag-export-economy tag-hacienda-tenguel tag-industrial-policy tag-smallholders tag-state-capacity tag-value-chain\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/ecuadors-banana-boom-spread-gains-not-power\/\" target=\"_self\" >El auge bananero de Ecuador gener\u00f3 ganancias, no poder.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/economic-transformation\/\" rel=\"tag\">Transformaci\u00f3n Econ\u00f3mica<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Los productores independientes reemplazaron al enclave. Un shock externo abri\u00f3 el mercado bananero de Ecuador. Ecuador cambi\u00f3 dr\u00e1sticamente entre 1948 y 1965. Un shock externo abri\u00f3 un mercado bananero que el pa\u00eds no hab\u00eda planeado dominar. Para 1952, Ecuador era el mayor exportador mundial de banano. El auge cambi\u00f3 el uso de la tierra, la migraci\u00f3n, las ciudades y la estructura de clases. Este blog\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/ecuadors-banana-boom-spread-gains-not-power\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-07T15:31:07-04:00\">7 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2019 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-political-economy tag-boom-and-bust tag-cacao tag-central-bank tag-commodity-dependence tag-economic-history tag-ecuador tag-export-economy tag-guayaquil tag-latin-america tag-monetary-policy\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/ecuadors-1880-1920-cacao-boom-built-a-captive-state\/\" target=\"_self\" >El auge del cacao de Ecuador entre 1880 y 1920 construy\u00f3 un estado cautivo.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/political-economy\/\" rel=\"tag\">Econom\u00eda pol\u00edtica<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">C\u00f3mo un auge de materias primas hered\u00f3 y arm\u00f3 a un Estado fr\u00e1gil. Un banco convirti\u00f3 un colapso de exportaciones en una masacre. En noviembre de 1922, los soldados dispararon contra una multitud desarmada en Guayaquil y arrojaron los cuerpos al r\u00edo Guayas. Cuatro d\u00e9cadas antes, Ecuador hab\u00eda experimentado uno de los auges del cacao m\u00e1s grandes del mundo. El mismo auge que financi\u00f3\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/ecuadors-1880-1920-cacao-boom-built-a-captive-state\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-05T18:57:00-04:00\">5 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-2004 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-financial-sector-policy tag-argentina tag-convertibility-plan tag-exchange-rate tag-fiscal-policy tag-hyperinflation tag-imf tag-pension-reform tag-privatization tag-public-debt tag-sovereign-default\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/argentina-convertibility-collapse\/\" target=\"_self\" >Argentina, de 1989 a 2001: La estabilidad cre\u00f3 las condiciones para el colapso.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/financial-sector-policy\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pol\u00edtica del Sector Financiero<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">El r\u00e9gimen antiinflacionario de Argentina amplific\u00f3 la fragilidad sist\u00e9mica. El colapso expuso la l\u00f3gica oculta. En diciembre de 2001, los argentinos descubrieron sus ahorros congelados, multitudes llenaron las calles haciendo sonar cacerolas y el presidente Fernando de la R\u00faa abandon\u00f3 la Casa Rosada en helic\u00f3ptero. Cinco presidentes lo sucedieron en r\u00e1pida sucesi\u00f3n. Dieciocho meses antes, las instituciones internacionales todav\u00eda elogiaban a Argentina como un...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/argentina-convertibility-collapse\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-05T14:15:29-04:00\">5 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1978 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-political-economy tag-agriculture tag-argentina tag-foreign-exchange tag-industrialization tag-peronism tag-social-inclusion tag-textiles tag-trade-policy tag-urbanization\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/argentina-extracting-surplus\/\" target=\"_self\" >De la d\u00e9cada de 1950 a la de 1970, Argentina construy\u00f3 la inclusi\u00f3n a partir del super\u00e1vit agr\u00edcola.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/political-economy\/\" rel=\"tag\">Econom\u00eda pol\u00edtica<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">La crisis apart\u00f3 a Argentina de su v\u00eda exportadora. La transformaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica de Argentina entre las d\u00e9cadas de 1930 y 1950 comenz\u00f3 con una crisis, no con un proyecto industrial. El colapso del comercio mundial durante la Gran Depresi\u00f3n y las interrupciones de las importaciones en tiempos de guerra rompieron el modelo agroexportador abierto que hab\u00eda dado forma al pa\u00eds desde finales del siglo XIX. Los responsables de las pol\u00edticas...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/argentina-extracting-surplus\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-04T13:29:23-04:00\">4 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1956 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-case-studies category-economic-transformation tag-diversification tag-economic-history tag-export-boom tag-foreign-capital tag-livestock tag-montevideo tag-ports tag-railways tag-refrigeration tag-uruguay\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/uruguay-grew-between-1870-and-1913-but-stayed-narrow\/\" target=\"_self\" >Uruguay creci\u00f3 entre 1870 y 1913, pero se mantuvo estrecho.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/case-studies\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudios de caso<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/economic-transformation\/\" rel=\"tag\">Transformaci\u00f3n Econ\u00f3mica<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Un auge exportador choc\u00f3 contra duros l\u00edmites. Un auge exportador trajo riqueza pero no amplitud. Uruguay cambi\u00f3 dr\u00e1sticamente entre las d\u00e9cadas de 1870 y 1913 debido a un auge exportador. Pas\u00f3 de ser una econom\u00eda ganadera de frontera basada en cueros y tasajo a convertirse en una de las sociedades exportadoras agr\u00edcolas m\u00e1s ricas del mundo. Lana, productos c\u00e1rnicos, ferrocarriles, puertos y\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/uruguay-grew-between-1870-and-1913-but-stayed-narrow\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-04T11:44:31-04:00\">4 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1929 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-antitrust tag-economic-development tag-industrial-policy tag-infrastructure-finance tag-latin-america tag-railroads tag-state-capacity tag-steel-industry tag-tariffs tag-united-states\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/railroads-industrial-power\/\" target=\"_self\" >Los ferrocarriles impulsaron el auge industrial de Estados Unidos, 1870-1914.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">El acero barato conquist\u00f3 un mercado continental. Dos eventos enmarcan la transformaci\u00f3n industrial. Entre 1870 y 1914, Estados Unidos pas\u00f3 de ser una econom\u00eda agraria y comercial a la principal potencia industrial del mundo. El producto interno bruto (PIB) real se expandi\u00f3 r\u00e1pidamente, la producci\u00f3n manufacturera aument\u00f3 considerablemente, las ciudades crecieron y el pa\u00eds revirti\u00f3 su hist\u00f3rica posici\u00f3n comercial, convirti\u00e9ndose en un importante exportador de...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/railroads-industrial-power\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-03T19:00:40-04:00\">3 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1913 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-bank-supervision tag-cofina tag-debt-crisis tag-development-finance tag-dollarization tag-financial-regulation tag-latin-america tag-offshore-banking tag-panama tag-petrodollars\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/panama-1970-1987-offshore-wealth-built-a-fragile-state\/\" target=\"_self\" >Panam\u00e1, 1970-1987, La riqueza offshore construy\u00f3 un estado fr\u00e1gil.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">C\u00f3mo se desmoron\u00f3 el auge bancario de Panam\u00e1. La liquidez extraterritorial construy\u00f3 una plataforma fr\u00e1gil. Entre 1970 y 1987, Panam\u00e1 pas\u00f3 de ser una econom\u00eda basada en el tr\u00e1nsito y centrada en el corredor del Canal a convertirse en uno de los centros bancarios internacionales de m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido crecimiento del mundo. Los activos bancarios pasaron de menos de $1 mil millones en 1970 a $49 mil millones en 1982. Luego, las crisis de deuda\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/panama-1970-1987-offshore-wealth-built-a-fragile-state\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-03T18:20:05-04:00\">3 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1894 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-dollarization tag-free-trade-zone tag-industrial-policy tag-infrastructure-investment tag-market-access tag-panama tag-panama-canal tag-regional-inequality tag-remon-eisenhower-treaty\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/who-controls-access\/\" target=\"_self\" >De 1950 a 1970, Panam\u00e1 creci\u00f3 r\u00e1pido pero se dividi\u00f3.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Un nuevo tratado abri\u00f3 mercados pero afianz\u00f3 l\u00edmites. El nuevo tratado molde\u00f3 la trayectoria de crecimiento de Panam\u00e1. Panam\u00e1 cambi\u00f3 sustancialmente entre 1950 y 1970. La producci\u00f3n creci\u00f3 r\u00e1pidamente, la inversi\u00f3n aument\u00f3 y el corredor que conecta la Ciudad de Panam\u00e1 y Col\u00f3n atrajo a personas, capital y servicios hacia una franja estrecha. Sin embargo, ese mismo auge endureci\u00f3 la econom\u00eda dual, con un fuerte crecimiento...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/who-controls-access\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-03T10:40:52-04:00\">3 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1876 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-canal-zone tag-dollarization tag-economic-development tag-infrastructure-policy tag-latin-america tag-panama tag-panama-canal tag-rent-capture tag-trade-corridors tag-treaty-negotiation\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/from-1914-to-1945-the-canal-enriched-others-but-not-panama\/\" target=\"_self\" >De 1914 a 1945, el canal enriqueci\u00f3 a otros, pero no a Panam\u00e1.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Las primeras reglas excluyeron a Panam\u00e1 de las rentas del canal. Panam\u00e1 alberg\u00f3 crecimiento sin beneficios generales. Panam\u00e1 se convirti\u00f3 en un estado independiente en 1903 y alberg\u00f3 la arteria de transporte m\u00e1s estrat\u00e9gica del mundo entre 1914 y 1945. Sin embargo, no pudo convertir esa posici\u00f3n en una transformaci\u00f3n interna general. Una raz\u00f3n destaca: el comisato de la Zona del Canal...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/from-1914-to-1945-the-canal-enriched-others-but-not-panama\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-03T10:08:39-04:00\">3 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1860 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-policy-brief tag-central-bank tag-data-protection tag-digital-payments tag-financial-inclusion tag-fintech-regulation tag-india tag-upi\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/india-digital-payments\/\" target=\"_self\" >India, Econom\u00eda Digital: El Estado Construy\u00f3 las V\u00edas.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/policy-brief\/\" rel=\"tag\">Documento de pol\u00edtica<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Los pagos digitales se escalaron; el efectivo creci\u00f3 de todos modos. El estado construye los rieles primero. Estonia, Brasil e India llegan a la misma conclusi\u00f3n desde diferentes puntos de partida. Cuando un pa\u00eds quiere que una econom\u00eda digital funcione a nivel nacional, el estado construye primero los rieles compartidos. Estas son las tuber\u00edas p\u00fablicas que mueven dinero entre cualquier banco y...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/india-digital-payments\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-02T10:08:52-04:00\">2 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1839 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-costa-rica tag-domestic-absorption tag-export-upgrading tag-foreign-direct-investment tag-free-trade-zones tag-industrial-policy tag-medical-devices tag-technological-change-2 tag-tourism\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/costa-rica-exports\/\" target=\"_self\" >Intel abri\u00f3 la puerta, no la econom\u00eda.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Costa Rica mejor\u00f3, pero los v\u00ednculos siguieron siendo d\u00e9biles. Intel marc\u00f3 un cambio, no una transformaci\u00f3n. Entre 1990 y 2026, Costa Rica pas\u00f3 de las exportaciones de ensamblaje hacia la manufactura de alta tecnolog\u00eda, los servicios y el ecoturismo. La ruptura visible ocurri\u00f3 en 1996, cuando Intel eligi\u00f3 el pa\u00eds para una planta de semiconductores, d\u00e1ndole credibilidad global. El punto central del blog es que...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/costa-rica-exports\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-01T16:03:42-04:00\">1 de junio de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1813 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-apparel-maquiladora tag-costa-rica tag-debt-crisis tag-domestic-linkages tag-export-diversification tag-free-trade-zones tag-industrial-policy tag-structural-transformation\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/costa-rica-export\/\" target=\"_self\" >El colapso de la deuda oblig\u00f3 a Costa Rica a dar un giro a sus exportaciones.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">La estabilizaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida retras\u00f3 una integraci\u00f3n productiva m\u00e1s profunda. A mediados de la d\u00e9cada de 1980, las maquiladoras de ropa se extendieron por las nuevas zonas francas (ZF) de Costa Rica. La tela importada ingresaba libre de impuestos, los trabajadores cos\u00edan prendas para los mercados estadounidenses y los productos terminados sal\u00edan sin tocar la mayor\u00eda de las cadenas de suministro nacionales. Costa Rica escap\u00f3 del colapso de la deuda m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido que gran parte de Am\u00e9rica Latina, pero la recuperaci\u00f3n...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/costa-rica-export\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-29T15:27:28-04:00\">29 de mayo de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1796 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-bananas tag-concessions tag-costa-rica tag-export-led-growth tag-labor-markets tag-limon tag-public-finance tag-railways tag-sovereign-debt tag-tax-immunity\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/banana-enclave-contract\/\" target=\"_self\" >Un contrato construy\u00f3 el enclave de Costa Rica.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Una ganga bananera encerrada en la dependencia. Un solo acuerdo molde\u00f3 todo lo posterior. Entre 1890 y 1930, Costa Rica re hizo su econom\u00eda. Una rep\u00fablica cafetera centrada en el Valle Central adquiri\u00f3 un enclave bananero controlado por extranjeros en la costa atl\u00e1ntica. Cuando la enfermedad golpe\u00f3, traslad\u00f3 ese enclave hacia el Pac\u00edfico. El hilo conductor atraviesa un solo acuerdo:\u2026<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/banana-enclave-contract\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-29T14:25:27-04:00\">29 de mayo de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1778 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-coffee tag-commodity-dependence tag-costa-rica tag-fiscal-policy tag-infrastructure-financing tag-soto-keith tag-sovereign-debt tag-state-capacity tag-tax-policy\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/coffee-fiscal-trap\/\" target=\"_self\" >Cuando los ricos evaden impuestos, el capital extranjero se beneficia.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Cuando las \u00e9lites evaden impuestos, el capital extranjero recauda. En diciembre de 1890, el Ferrocarril al Atl\u00e1ntico de Costa Rica finalmente lleg\u00f3 a la costa caribe\u00f1a. El viaje desde San Jos\u00e9 hasta el nuevo puerto de Lim\u00f3n ahora se med\u00eda en horas, no en semanas. Pero el precio de ese ferrocarril no se pag\u00f3 en pesos. Se pag\u00f3 en territorio, soberan\u00eda y...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/coffee-fiscal-trap\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-29T13:15:00-04:00\">29 de mayo de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1765 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-formal-employment tag-health-reform tag-inequality tag-labor-markets tag-social-policy tag-state-capacity tag-tax-reform tag-uruguay tag-welfare-reform\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/uruguay-sequenced-redistribution-without-fiscal-rupture\/\" target=\"_self\" >Redistribuci\u00f3n Secuencial de Uruguay sin Ruptura Fiscal.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">C\u00f3mo la ayuda de crisis se convirti\u00f3 en bienestar duradero. La ayuda se convirti\u00f3 en bienestar duradero a trav\u00e9s de la secuencia. Entre 2005 y 2014, Uruguay reconstruy\u00f3 su estado de bienestar tras la crisis de 2002. La pobreza, el estr\u00e9s por deuda y la fragmentaci\u00f3n institucional definieron el punto de partida. En una d\u00e9cada, los gobiernos del Frente Amplio de Tabar\u00e9 V\u00e1zquez y Jos\u00e9 Mujica ampliaron la cobertura de salud, redujeron la desigualdad, revivieron los salarios...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/uruguay-sequenced-redistribution-without-fiscal-rupture\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-28T16:52:26-04:00\">28 de mayo de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"wp-block-post post-1752 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-case-study tag-campomar tag-commodity-booms tag-commodity-rents tag-exchange-controls tag-industrial-policy tag-manufacturing tag-ranching tag-textiles tag-uruguay tag-wage-councils\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/uruguay-taxed-ranching-to-build-factories\/\" target=\"_self\" >Uruguay grav\u00f3 la ganader\u00eda para construir f\u00e1bricas.<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/category\/research-case-study\/\" rel=\"tag\">Estudio de caso de investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">Una ganancia inesperada capturada pero nunca disciplinada. A finales de la d\u00e9cada de 1940, miles de trabajadores cruzaban las puertas de Campomar y Soulas en Juan Lacaze cada ma\u00f1ana. Procesaban la lana de Uruguay para convertirla en exportaciones industriales. La empresa encarnaba un cambio mayor. Uruguay redirigi\u00f3 las rentas de los productos b\u00e1sicos de la \u00e9poca de la guerra y de la guerra de Corea, alej\u00e1ndolas de los exportadores pastoriles y destin\u00e1ndolas a la industria protegida,...<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text\"><a class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/blog\/uruguay-taxed-ranching-to-build-factories\/\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2026-05-28T13:24:03-04:00\">28 de mayo de 2026<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<nav class=\"wp-block-query-pagination is-layout-flex wp-block-query-pagination-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"Paginaci\u00f3n\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-query-pagination-numbers\"><span aria-current=\"page\" class=\"page-numbers current\">1<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"?query-1-page=2\">2<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"?query-1-page=3\">3<\/a>\n<span class=\"page-numbers dots\">\u2026<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"?query-1-page=6\">6<\/a><\/div>\n<a href=\"\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1950?query-1-page=2\" class=\"wp-block-query-pagination-next\">Siguiente p\u00e1gina<\/a>\n<\/nav>\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This index organises all research posts by theme and type, making it easy to navigate the evidence base for The Next Wave. Use the search bar below to find posts by keyword, or browse by category using the links. Search all posts Browse by category \ud83d\udcda Research Case Studies Historical and contemporary case studies that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":278841165,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"footnotes":"","big_sky_generated":false},"class_list":["post-1950","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Research Index - The Next Wave<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This index sorts research posts into Case Studies, Framework Essays, and Policy Briefs, spanning five centuries of technological waves in LAC.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/estudios-de-caso\/\" \/>\n<link rel=\"next\" href=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/case-studies\/1950?query-1-page=2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Research Index\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This index sorts research posts into Case Studies, Framework Essays, and Policy Briefs, spanning five centuries of technological waves in LAC.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/estudios-de-caso\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Next Wave\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/graham.g.watkins\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-25T16:55:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@GrahamWatkins\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/techrevlac.org\\\/case-studies\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/techrevlac.org\\\/case-studies\\\/\",\"name\":\"Research Index - 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El libro replantea\u2026","rel":"","context":"Entrada similar","block_context":{"text":"Entrada similar","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrevlac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Gemini_Generated_Image_q10w3fq10w3fq10w.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrevlac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Gemini_Generated_Image_q10w3fq10w3fq10w.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrevlac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Gemini_Generated_Image_q10w3fq10w3fq10w.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrevlac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Gemini_Generated_Image_q10w3fq10w3fq10w.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrevlac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Gemini_Generated_Image_q10w3fq10w3fq10w.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrevlac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Gemini_Generated_Image_q10w3fq10w3fq10w.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":52,"url":"https:\/\/techrevlac.org\/es\/about\/","url_meta":{"origin":1950,"position":3},"title":"Graham Watkins","author":"Graham Watkins","date":"marzo 24, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Este libro es para cualquiera que quiera entender c\u00f3mo se desarrollan las r\u00e1pidas transformaciones socioecon\u00f3micas, y qu\u00e9 deben hacer Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe para maximizar los beneficios de la pr\u00f3xima revoluci\u00f3n tecnol\u00f3gica que ya est\u00e1 en marcha. Escrito tanto para ciudadanos, emprendedores, periodistas y investigadores, como para l\u00edderes empresariales. 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